THE TERMINOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF THE PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY IN ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN ABBREVIATION AND TYPES OF ABBREVIATIONS

Аннотация

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of abbreviations as a key mechanism in the terminology system of the petrochemical industry in English and Russian. The study focuses on types, mechanisms of education, structural features, and the functional role of acronyms in professional communication. Using a multi-level analytical base, a body of terminology units was formed from standards, technical documents, scientific publications, textbooks and corporate reports. Structural analysis included classification by type (initialisms, acronyms, compound abbreviations, formulaic notation), morphological structure, pronunciation mode, and formal features. In the course of comparative analysis, the frequency, borrowing, adaptation and semantic differences between English and Russian abbreviations were studied. The results show that English has a higher density of abbreviations, while Russian actively borrows and integrates English forms. The study highlights the practical relevance of standardized abbreviations for professional communication, document translation, and training. The findings contribute to a better understanding of cross-language terminological interactions and provide guidance on the effective use of abbreviations in the petrochemical sector.