RELIGIOUS SITUATION IN THE BUKEY HORDE

Abstract

The article examines the spread of Islam in the Bukey Horde and its role in the socio-cultural life of the region. With the establishment of the Bukey Khanate at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th centuries, Islam began to play a significant role in the spiritual and political life of society. Despite being under the administrative control of the Russian Empire, Islam became a key mechanism for preserving national unity, shaping national consciousness, and protecting traditional values. The research article describes the functioning of Islamic educational institutions, the role of Muslim religious leaders in enlightenment and spiritual activities, as well as the Muslims’ opposition to Russia’s Christianization policy through spiritual doctrines.The spread of Islam in the Bukey Horde was closely connected with the active work of local akhuns and mullahs, who were influential not only in religious but also in socio-political spheres. Through Islamic values, goals of education, moral discipline, and public order were pursued. At the same time, the Russian Empire sought to use Islam for its own benefit, turning religion into an instrument of political control. Nevertheless, Islamic traditions and national spirit played a decisive role in preserving the spiritual integrity of the people.