ТҮРКІСТАН ОБЛЫСЫНЫҢ АУМАҒЫНДАҒЫ ГИДРОХИМИЯЛЫҚ КӨРСЕТКІШТЕР БОЙЫНША ЖЕР ҮСТІ СУЛАРЫНЫҢ САПАСЫНА ЭКОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ МОНИТОРИНГ ЖӘНЕ БОЛЖАУ

Бұқарбай З.А., Бектуреева Г.У., Тілеуберді А.Н., Кожагалиева Р.Ж.

doi:10.37238/2960-1371.2960-138X.2025.100(4).198

Бұқарбай З.А., Бектуреева Г.У., Тілеуберді А.Н., Кожагалиева Р.Ж. Auezov university

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37238/2960-1371.2960-138X.2025.100(4).198

Keywords: surface waters, hydrochemical analysis, environmental monitoring, water quality, environmental forecasting

Abstract

The article presents the results of environmental monitoring and water quality forecasting of surface waters in the Turkistan Region based on hydrochemical indicators. The study covers the period of 2023–2024 and includes the region’s main water bodies — the Syrdarya, Keles, Arys, Badam, Aksu, and Bogen rivers, as well as the Shardara Reservoir.

The analysis revealed significant spatial and temporal variability in the hydrochemical composition of river waters. In many water bodies, stable exceedances of permissible standards were recorded for ammonium ion, sulfates, magnesium, suspended solids, and total phosphorus. The highest ecological risks were identified for the Keles and Arys rivers, while the Syrdarya, Bogen, and Shardara Reservoir demonstrated positive trends in water quality. The Aksu River maintained high water quality (Class I) throughout the study period.

The results obtained indicate the need for comprehensive measures to reduce the anthropogenic load, improve wastewater treatment systems and expand the control network. The forecast of surface water quality indicates the preservation of instability in problem areas in the absence of additional environmental measures.