VІІ-Х ҒАСЫРЛАРДАҒЫ ЕУРАЗИЯНЫҢ ӘСКЕРИ АТТЫ ӘСКЕРІ: ДЕРЕККӨЗДЕР, ҰЙЫМ, ҚАРУ-ЖАРАҚ ЖӘНЕ ТАКТИКА

Abstract

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the development of business Horsemen of Eurasia in the VIII-X centuries. Written sources of the early Middle Ages (steppe tribes, Byzantine, Arab, Western European and old Russian sources), as well as the organization of cavalry troops in the steppe kaganates, the Byzantine Empire, the Arab Caliphate, the Frankish state, weapons, means of defense, tactics and strategic methods. Kievan Rus is considered on the basis of archaeological and business-historical research. Particular attention is paid to changing the role of light and heavy cavalry, the spread of stirrups, the development of bare and scaly armor, the formation of early feudal chivalry in the VII-X centuries. The paper also analyzes the influence of natural and geographical conditions on the specifics of the use of Cavalry, the meaningfulness of nomadic military traditions for settled States, as well as the processes of obtaining weapons and tactical models between different cultural and political centers. The issues of the military hierarchy, the training of soldiers, the material support of the cavalry and its role in the system of state power are considered. The evolution of cavalry determined the transformation of the social structure of society, the strengthening of the military nobility and the appearance of medieval military art in subsequent centuries. It was separately noted that it contributed to the formation of new principles for waging war.