ХХ ҒАСЫРДЫҢ І ЖАРТЫСЫНДАҒЫ ҚАРАТӨБЕ ӨҢІРІНІҢ ӘЛЕУМЕТТІК- ЭКОНОМИКАЛЫҚ ЖАҒДАЙЫ: ТАРИХИ САБАҚТАСТЫҚТАР МЕН ӨЗГЕРІСТЕР

Abstract

This article analyzes the features of socio-political and economic development of the Karatobe region in the first half of the twentieth century on the basis of regional data. The study examined the national liberation movement of 1916, socio-political changes in 1917-1920, social processes during the period of the establishment of Soviet power and administrative reforms of 1928. The uprising in the sonaly volost was considered as a manifestation of the resistance of the local population to colonial policy, and its influence on the growth of political activity in the region was determined. As a result of the reorganization on an administrative-territorial basis in 1928, Karatobe district was created and included in the Soviet system of government. Based on archival documents and statistical data, the demographic situation, economic structure, trade turnover and social infrastructure of the district were analyzed. The priority of animal husbandry, poor agricultural development and the introduction of a cooperative system reflected the main directions of economic transformation. The rich confiscation campaign of 1928 and forced collectivization destroyed the traditional economic system, strengthened social classification and formed the prerequisites for famine. At the same time, the demographic situation during the years of political repression and war caused a long-term impact on the development of the region. On the example of karatobe district, the consequences of Soviet agrarian reforms at the regional level were scientifically formulated.